IP Department Warns AI-Generated Music May Violate Copyright

Thailand's Department of Intellectual Property has cautioned the public about using artificial intelligence to create music without obtaining permission from original copyright holders. The department noted that generative AI technology is now widely used to create and distribute music online through voice conversion, remixes, and new compositions based on existing songs. Since current copyright law does not specifically address AI-generated works and no court precedent exists on the matter, the department has issued guidance to clarify copyright principles and protect creators and rights holders from infringement.

According to the department's director, using an original copyrighted song with AI to change a vocalist, remix, or create new music while retaining key elements such as lyrics, melody, or musical composition—such that the connection to the original work is recognizable—may constitute copyright infringement or unauthorized adaptation. Because AI systems may need to copy or process music files during operation, unauthorized use without the copyright holder's permission could violate the law unless it falls within legal exceptions such as non-commercial research or study.

However, songs that have entered the public domain after their copyright protection expires may generally be used as data or a template for creating new works with AI without infringing copyright. Users must still respect other protected rights, such as those in sound recordings, performances, or derivative works that may still be under protection. The department advised creators and AI users to verify copyright status and obtain permission from all relevant rights holders before using others' works. A single song may involve multiple rights holders including lyricists, composers, arrangers, sound recording producers, and performers. Those who fail to secure proper authorization risk legal disputes and should consult the department or seek legal advice before proceeding.