Health Guide Details PMS Symptoms Causes and Prevention Methods
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Beyond simple irritability, learn what PMS is, the warning signs before menstruation, and the causes and coping methods women should know.
Ever wonder why many women experience easy irritability, mood swings, abdominal pain, or fatigue before their period? These symptoms may signal PMS. Let's understand the causes, symptoms, and ways to manage PMS.
What Is PMS? PMS refers to abnormal symptoms occurring approximately 1-2 weeks before menstruation. A key factor is the fluctuation of female sex hormone levels before the period arrives. PMS severity varies among individuals and can affect daily life for many. If symptoms are severe or significantly impact daily life, consult a doctor for appropriate advice and care.
What Are the Symptoms of PMS? Physical Symptoms: - Breast tenderness or swelling - Swelling of hands, feet, or face - Weight gain - Acne breakouts - Bloating and abdominal pain - Constipation or diarrhea - Headaches or migraines - Muscle and joint aches - Fatigue and exhaustion - Increased thirst - Hot flashes and sweating - Palpitations and dizziness
Psychological Symptoms: - Mood swings - Anxiety and stress - Sadness, crying easily over small matters - Difficulty concentrating, forgetfulness
Behavioral Symptoms: - Insomnia or poor sleep quality - Frequent hunger, binge eating, or cravings for strong-flavored foods - Social withdrawal - Easy irritability
Causes of PMS Currently, there is no single definitive cause for PMS, but it is suspected to involve hormonal changes and other factors: - Hormonal fluctuations during the monthly ovulation cycle, when estrogen and progesterone levels rise higher than normal. PMS symptoms disappear during periods without ovulation, such as during pregnancy or menopause. - Changes in brain chemicals: when serotonin levels drop, it affects mood changes and can trigger premenstrual symptoms.
Ways to Prevent PMS - Avoid caffeine and alcoholic beverages - Consume foods high in complex carbohydrates: brown rice, whole grains, cereals, whole wheat bread - Exercise at least 30 minutes daily - Get adequate sleep - Practice deep breathing to reduce headaches and anxiety - Drink plenty of clean water, at least 8 glasses daily
Sources: Vibhavadi Hospital, Sikarin Hospital, Ramathibodi Hospital (Mahidol University) Compiled by the Khaosod Online news team.
