Kasetsart University Researchers Discover New Yeast Species

Kasetsart University researchers have discovered a new yeast species from Thailand's mangrove ecosystems, highlighting the value of biological diversity for human applications. The research team made this significant international contribution by identifying a new yeast species in Thai mangrove forests and naming it "Sirindhorniae" (Sirindhorniae) in honor of Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn's 70th birthday celebration.

The discovery was conducted by Assistant Professor Dr. Pannida Khunnaamvong, Honorary Professor Dr. Sawittri Limtong, Associate Professor Dr. Nantana Sisukhom, and graduate student Pajongvon Gangprakan from the Department of Microbiology at Kasetsart University's Faculty of Science, supported by research funding from the National Research Council of Thailand.

The new yeast species was discovered on the leaf surface of small-fruited mangrove trees (Rhizophora apiculata) at Rajiv Gardens Mangrove Botanical Park in Chanthaburi Province, one of Thailand's most important ecosystems for maintaining natural balance and a rich repository of the country's biodiversity. From 20 samples collected at the botanical park, researchers isolated 242 yeast strains, demonstrating the remarkable abundance of microorganisms in nature. Though microscopic and invisible to the naked eye, these organisms are essential components of ecosystems and may hold knowledge that could lead to future innovations.

Molecular analysis of the yeast's nucleotide sequences revealed that most strains were known species. However, strain DMKU-RG45 possessed a unique genetic signature that did not match any previously identified yeast species globally. After further study using polyphasic taxonomy—which examines morphological, biochemical, physiological, and genetic characteristics—researchers confirmed that DMKU-RG45 represents a new yeast species.

The research team named the species "sirindhorniae" after Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn, with royal permission to use her name as the species designation. This naming honors her 70th birthday celebration and recognizes her significant role in promoting education and conservation of Thailand's natural resources and biological diversity.

Beyond its academic significance, the discovery of "Sirindhorniae" yeast demonstrates the hidden value of Thailand's natural ecosystems, which may serve as sources of knowledge and biological resources for future human benefit. The research found that this new yeast species can utilize various carbon sources and ferment alcohol from glucose. However, researchers are continuing to study additional properties to evaluate its potential applications.