The Legend of Thao Hiranya Phanasur at Mongkut Hospital
A protective forest spirit revered by King Mongkut in the early 1900s, Thao Hiranya Phanasur is now honored at Bangkok's Ramathibodi Hospital, where staff and visitors report miraculous interventions in health and personal matters.
Visitors to Ramathibodi Hospital in Bangkok's Ratchathewi District encounter the shrine of Thao Hiranya Phanasur within the hospital premises. Local residents know its history well and report personal miraculous experiences. Doctors, nurses, and hospital staff show profound reverence, regularly seeking blessings before undertaking any task. Beyond medical matters, those facing various hardships—when not beyond karmic reach—report miraculous relief from disaster or success in their requests. The deity's fame has spread, drawing devotees from all directions daily.
Thao Hiranya Phanasur emerged during the reign of King Mongkut (Rama VI). "Hiranya" means silver or gold, while "Phanasur" combines "phana" (forest) and "asur" (demon), referring to a great forest spirit, also called "Thao Hiranya Hu"—"Hu" possibly from English "Who."
In 1906, while still Crown Prince, the future King Mongkut traveled through northern forests filled with dangers and diseases. When his entourage worried about threats, he reassured them, explaining that such journeys naturally attract protective deities and spirits who prevent harm to royalty and their companions.
During the journey, a senior official dreamed of a tall man named "Hiranya," a forest spirit of righteous conduct, offering protection. The Prince ordered offerings made in the forest, and meals were regularly divided as tribute. The journey proved entirely safe, with no illness or mishap.
On subsequent travels, the retinue performed ceremonies invoking this protective spirit, and many witnessed a tall, ancient-looking man accompanying the royal procession. News spread among regional governors, and veneration of Thao Hiranya Hu became widespread.
After ascending the throne as King Mongkut (Rama VI), he remembered this spirit fondly. In April 1911, he commissioned a small bronze statue (20 cm tall) dressed in ancient regalia with a ceremonial staff, naming it "Thao Hiranya Phanasur." Four such images were cast as the first edition. The King placed one on his white automobile "Napier."
